Mongolia at its true size
Mongolia covers 1,564,116 km², number 18 of 194 countries by area. Home to 3,568,978 people (2025). A Mercator map draws it about 2.15× too large.
Equal-area projection · Natural Earth 50m
| Area | 1,564,116 km² Wikidata |
|---|---|
| Population | 3,568,978 World Bank, 2025 |
| Density | 2.3 per km² |
| Capital | Ulaanbaatar |
| Local time in Ulaanbaatar | |
| Time zone | UTC+8 · UTC+7 to UTC+8, 2 time zones IANA |
| Currency | Mongolian tögrög (MNT) Wikidata |
| Languages | Mongolian |
| Traffic | On the right |
| Region | Eastern Asia, Asia |
| Status | Independent state |
| Coast | Landlocked |
| Calling code | +976 |
| Codes | MN · MNG · 496 |
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Where Mongolia ranks
Among the independent states, in 44 rankings. Each links to its table.
People
- Population#131 of 1943.6 million people#40 of 48 in Asia
- Population density#194 of 1942.3 people per km²#48 of 48 in Asia
- Urban population#69 of 19271% urban#18 of 47 in Asia
- Fertility rate#74 of 1922.50 births per woman#16 of 47 in Asia
- Population growth#79 of 192+1.25% a year#18 of 47 in Asia
- Birth rate#86 of 19216.9 births per 1,000 people#18 of 47 in Asia
- Death rate#156 of 1925.5 deaths per 1,000 people#29 of 47 in Asia
- Children under 15#60 of 19231.6% under 15#8 of 47 in Asia
- People over 65#118 of 1925.4% aged 65 and over#30 of 47 in Asia
- Net migration#73 of 1920.0 per 1,000 people#21 of 47 in Asia
- Refugees abroad#71 of 1900.67 refugees abroad per 1,000 people#16 of 47 in Asia
Health & education
- Life expectancy#110 of 19272.4 years#32 of 47 in Asia
- Infant mortality#103 of 19111.2 infant deaths per 1,000 live births#25 of 47 in Asia
- Doctors#28 of 1784.13 doctors per 1,000 people#2 of 46 in Asia
- University enrolment#48 of 14569.0% gross enrolment#8 of 42 in Asia
- Human Development Index#103 of 190an index of 0.747#28 of 46 in Asia
Economy
- GNI per capita#103 of 185$6,210 a person#23 of 45 in Asia
- Internet users#79 of 18485% online#25 of 43 in Asia
- GDP per capita (PPP)#90 of 184$20,798 a person#23 of 45 in Asia
- GDP growth#20 of 187+6.8% a year#10 of 45 in Asia
- Inflation#26 of 176+8.6% a year#7 of 42 in Asia
- Unemployment#86 of 1785.2% of the labour force#16 of 47 in Asia
- Extreme poverty#107 of 1490.4% under $3.00 a day#21 of 33 in Asia
- Income inequality (Gini)#108 of 149a Gini index of 31.4#21 of 33 in Asia
- Jobs in agriculture#68 of 17827.0% of jobs#17 of 47 in Asia
- Jobs in industry#54 of 17823.1% of jobs#23 of 47 in Asia
- Jobs in services#121 of 17849.9% of jobs#30 of 47 in Asia
- Foreign investment#13 of 18410.8% of GDP#5 of 44 in Asia
- Exports#28 of 16868.1% of GDP#12 of 42 in Asia
- Military spending#123 of 1550.9% of GDP#36 of 38 in Asia
- Mobile subscriptions#34 of 191141 subscriptions per 100 people#15 of 47 in Asia
Energy & environment
- CO₂ per person#24 of 1857.85 tonnes a person#15 of 47 in Asia
- Forest area#156 of 1929% forest#28 of 47 in Asia
- Renewable energy#164 of 1903.0% renewable#31 of 47 in Asia
- Access to electricity#111 of 19299.1% with electricity#37 of 47 in Asia
- Air pollution (PM2.5)#19 of 19142.7 µg/m³#13 of 47 in Asia
- Protected land#84 of 19119.8% of the land protected#14 of 47 in Asia
- Arable land#178 of 1900.7% of the land arable#45 of 47 in Asia
- Water stress#136 of 1763.4% of its available fresh water#44 of 47 in Asia
- Precipitation#160 of 180241 mm a year#35 of 47 in Asia
Governance & safety
Countries of a similar size
Every country within 25% of Mongolia’s area, lit up on the map →
How many times does Mongolia fit into…
- Russia: about 11 times
- Canada: about 6.4 times
- United States: about 6.3 times
The land itself
Rivers, summits and lakes Mongolia shares with the rest of the world. Turn on “Rivers & lakes” and “Physical names” in the atlas to see them on the map.
Rivers
- Ider452 km
Summits
- Mönkh Khairkhan4,231 m
- Otgontenger4,008 m
Lakes
- Khövsgöl Nuur2,760 km²
- Har Us Nuur1,578 km²
- Khyargas Nuur1,407 km²
- Buyr Nuur610 km²
Rivers are listed by the published length of their whole course, not the part inside Mongolia. Figures from Wikidata, features from Natural Earth.
Neighbours
Questions about Mongolia
- How big is Mongolia?
- Mongolia covers 1,564,116 km², which makes it number 18 of 194 countries by area. About 3,568,978 people live there (2025), 2.3 per km².
- Is Mongolia bigger than Iran?
- Mongolia is 5% smaller than Iran. Mongolia: 1,564,116 km²; Iran: 1,648,195 km².
- How much does the Mercator map distort Mongolia?
- At about 47° latitude, Mercator stretches Mongolia to roughly 2.15× its true area relative to a country on the equator. Kartavera draws it in the Equal Earth projection, where areas are exact.
- Which countries border Mongolia?
- Mongolia shares a land border with Russia, China.