Canada at its true size
Canada covers 9,984,670 km², number 2 of 194 countries by area. Home to 41,651,653 people (2025). A Mercator map draws it about 4.1× too large.
Equal-area projection · Natural Earth 50m
| Area | 9,984,670 km² Wikidata |
|---|---|
| Population | 41,651,653 World Bank, 2025 |
| Density | 4.2 per km² |
| Capital | Ottawa |
| Local time in Ottawa | |
| Time zone | UTC−5, summer time UTC−4 · UTC−8 to UTC−3:30, 6 time zones IANA |
| Currency | Canadian dollar (CAD) Wikidata |
| Languages | English, French |
| Traffic | On the right |
| Region | Northern America, North America |
| Status | Independent state |
| Member of | NATOOECDG7G20 |
| Coast | Has a coastline |
| Calling code | +1 |
| Codes | CA · CAN · 124 |
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Where Canada ranks
Among the independent states, in 44 rankings. Each links to its table.
People
- Population#38 of 19442 million people#3 of 23 in North America
- Population density#188 of 1944.2 people per km²#23 of 23 in North America
- Urban population#36 of 19283% urban#1 of 23 in North America
- Fertility rate#171 of 1921.25 births per woman#23 of 23 in North America
- Population growth#100 of 192+0.94% a year#7 of 23 in North America
- Birth rate#157 of 1928.9 births per 1,000 people#22 of 23 in North America
- Death rate#72 of 1927.9 deaths per 1,000 people#12 of 23 in North America
- Children under 15#162 of 19215.0% under 15#22 of 23 in North America
- People over 65#30 of 19220.3% aged 65 and over#1 of 23 in North America
- Net migration#11 of 192+7.8 per 1,000 people#1 of 23 in North America
- Refugees abroad#155 of 1900.01 refugees abroad per 1,000 people#22 of 23 in North America
Health & education
- Life expectancy#28 of 19282.1 years#1 of 23 in North America
- Infant mortality#144 of 1914.7 infant deaths per 1,000 live births#23 of 23 in North America
- Doctors#65 of 1782.82 doctors per 1,000 people#7 of 20 in North America
- University enrolment#36 of 14576.3% gross enrolment#2 of 15 in North America
- Human Development Index#15 of 190an index of 0.939#1 of 23 in North America
Economy
- GNI per capita#16 of 185$56,420 a person#2 of 22 in North America
- Internet users#28 of 18494% online#2 of 23 in North America
- GDP per capita (PPP)#24 of 184$66,746 a person#2 of 22 in North America
- GDP growth#141 of 187+1.7% a year#17 of 23 in North America
- Inflation#116 of 176+2.1% a year#9 of 22 in North America
- Unemployment#58 of 1786.9% of the labour force#7 of 19 in North America
- Extreme poverty#116 of 1490.3% under $3.00 a day#13 of 14 in North America
- Income inequality (Gini)#107 of 149a Gini index of 31.5#14 of 14 in North America
- Jobs in agriculture#169 of 1781.1% of jobs#18 of 19 in North America
- Jobs in industry#96 of 17818.7% of jobs#9 of 19 in North America
- Jobs in services#13 of 17880.1% of jobs#3 of 19 in North America
- Foreign investment#65 of 1843.0% of GDP#10 of 23 in North America
- Exports#100 of 16831.3% of GDP#11 of 15 in North America
- Military spending#80 of 1551.6% of GDP#2 of 14 in North America
- Mobile subscriptions#137 of 19194 subscriptions per 100 people#17 of 23 in North America
Energy & environment
- CO₂ per person#11 of 18514.0 tonnes a person#2 of 23 in North America
- Forest area#62 of 19242% forest#13 of 23 in North America
- Renewable energy#96 of 19023.8% renewable#8 of 23 in North America
- Access to electricity#1 of 192100.0% with electricity#1 of 23 in North America
- Air pollution (PM2.5)#176 of 1916.6 µg/m³#22 of 23 in North America
- Protected land#131 of 19112.9% of the land protected#18 of 23 in North America
- Arable land#134 of 1904.3% of the land arable#21 of 23 in North America
- Water stress#132 of 1763.7% of its available fresh water#19 of 22 in North America
- Precipitation#138 of 180537 mm a year#23 of 23 in North America
Governance & safety
Countries of a similar size
Every country within 25% of Canada’s area, lit up on the map →
- United States1.02×Canada and United States are almost exactly the same size.
- China1.04×Canada is 4% larger than China.
- Brazil1.17×Canada is 17% larger than Brazil.
- Australia1.3×Canada is 30% larger than Australia.
- Russia0.58×Canada is 42% smaller than Russia.
- India3.04×Canada is 3.04 times larger than India.
The land itself
Rivers, summits and lakes Canada shares with the rest of the world. Turn on “Rivers & lakes” and “Physical names” in the atlas to see them on the map.
Rivers
- Yukon3,190 km
- St. Lawrence3,058 km
- Columbia2,000 km
- Peace1,923 km
- Churchill1,609 km
- North Saskatchewan1,380 km
Summits
- Mount Logan5,959 m
- Mount Fairweather4,671 m
- Mount Waddington4,019 m
- Mount Robson3,954 m
- Mount Sir Sandford3,519 m
Lakes
- Lake Superior82,350 km²
- Lake Huron59,600 km²
- Great Bear Lake31,153 km²
- Great Slave Lake27,209 km²
Rivers are listed by the published length of their whole course, not the part inside Canada. Figures from Wikidata, features from Natural Earth.
Neighbours
Questions about Canada
- How big is Canada?
- Canada covers 9,984,670 km², which makes it number 2 of 194 countries by area. About 41,651,653 people live there (2025), 4.2 per km².
- Is Canada bigger than United States?
- Canada and United States are almost exactly the same size. Canada: 9,984,670 km²; United States: 9,826,675 km².
- How much does the Mercator map distort Canada?
- At about 60° latitude, Mercator stretches Canada to roughly 4.1× its true area relative to a country on the equator. Kartavera draws it in the Equal Earth projection, where areas are exact.
- Which countries border Canada?
- Canada shares a land border with United States.