Which country in Europe has the highest net migration?

Ukraine has the highest net migration in Europe: +43.7 per 1,000 people (2025). Next come Andorra (+10.2 per 1,000 people) and Malta (+8.9 per 1,000 people).

Which country in Europe has the lowest net migration?

Montenegro, with −14.9 per 1,000 people (2025).

What is the typical net migration of a country in Europe?

The median of the 43 countries in Europe is +1.3 per 1,000 people: half are above it, half below. The median, not the average, because a few countries at the top would drag an average far above almost everyone.

Where do the figures come from?

People who moved into the country in a year minus people who moved out, for every 1,000 inhabitants — above zero, more arrive than leave. Source: World Bank, 2025. Only independent states are ranked; territories are listed separately. A country’s continent follows Natural Earth; the handful of island states it files under the open ocean are placed by their UN subregion.

Countries in Europe by net migration

People who moved into the country in a year minus people who moved out, for every 1,000 inhabitants — above zero, more arrive than leave. 43 countries in Europe, highest first. World Bank, 2025

See it on the map

Map: Net migration — Europe — **−10**−3−0.5+0.5+3+10No data

Highest

+43.7

Ukraine

Median country

+1.3

half above, half below

Lowest

−14.9

Montenegro

Countries in Europe by net migration, World Bank, 2025
#	Country	Per 1,000 people	Region
1	Ukraine	+43.7	Eastern Europe
2	Andorra	+10.2	Southern Europe
3	Malta	+8.9	Southern Europe
4	Luxembourg	+7.6	Western Europe
5	Iceland	+6.9	Northern Europe
6	Ireland	+6.5	Northern Europe
7	Netherlands	+5.8	Western Europe
8	United Kingdom	+5.6	Northern Europe
9	Norway	+5.3	Northern Europe
10	Liechtenstein	+4.7	Western Europe
11	Sweden	+4.4	Northern Europe
12	Switzerland	+4.1	Western Europe
13	Denmark	+3.7	Northern Europe
14	San Marino	+3.6	Southern Europe
15	Finland	+3.2	Northern Europe
16	Belgium	+2.7	Western Europe
17	Monaco	+2.6	Western Europe
18	Spain	+2.0	Southern Europe
19	Greece	+1.6	Southern Europe
20	Portugal	+1.5	Southern Europe
=21	France	+1.3	Western Europe
=21	Italy	+1.3	Southern Europe
=21	Slovenia	+1.3	Southern Europe
24	Austria	+1.2	Western Europe
25	Belarus	−0.3	Eastern Europe
26	Bulgaria	−0.5	Eastern Europe
27	Croatia	−0.9	Southern Europe
28	Romania	−1.5	Eastern Europe
29	Hungary	−1.7	Eastern Europe
30	Russia	−1.8	Eastern Europe
31	Serbia	−2.0	Southern Europe
32	Bosnia and Herzegovina	−2.2	Southern Europe
33	North Macedonia	−3.1	Southern Europe
=34	Germany	−4.0	Western Europe
=34	Latvia	−4.0	Northern Europe
36	Slovakia	−5.8	Eastern Europe
37	Lithuania	−8.5	Northern Europe
38	Poland	−9.1	Eastern Europe
39	Estonia	−9.8	Northern Europe
=40	Albania	−10.3	Southern Europe
=40	Czechia	−10.3	Eastern Europe
42	Moldova	−12.6	Eastern Europe
43	Montenegro	−14.9	Southern Europe

No World Bank figure for Vatican City.

Territories and other places

Not ranked: dependencies of the states above, places whose status is disputed. Highest first.

Place	Per 1,000 people	Status
Faroe Islands	+7.0	Territory of Denmark
Isle of Man	+2.0	Territory of United Kingdom

Questions

Which country in Europe has the highest net migration?: Ukraine has the highest net migration in Europe: +43.7 per 1,000 people (2025). Next come Andorra (+10.2 per 1,000 people) and Malta (+8.9 per 1,000 people).
Which country in Europe has the lowest net migration?: Montenegro, with −14.9 per 1,000 people (2025).
What is the typical net migration of a country in Europe?: The median of the 43 countries in Europe is +1.3 per 1,000 people: half are above it, half below. The median, not the average, because a few countries at the top would drag an average far above almost everyone.
Where do the figures come from?: People who moved into the country in a year minus people who moved out, for every 1,000 inhabitants — above zero, more arrive than leave. Source: World Bank, 2025. Only independent states are ranked; territories are listed separately. A country’s continent follows Natural Earth; the handful of island states it files under the open ocean are placed by their UN subregion.

Source: World Bank (CC BY 4.0). Figures more than 5 years older than the newest are left out rather than shown beside current ones. Countries sharing a value share a rank. All sources.